Causes :

Varicose veins are more common in women than in men and are linked with heredity. Other related factors are pregnancy, leg injury, prolonged standing, obesity, and abdominal straining. They are unlikely to be caused by crossing the legs or ankles. Less commonly, but not exceptionally, varicose veins can be due to other causes, such as post-phlebitic obstruction or incontinence, and venous and arteriovenous malformations. Venous reflux is a significant cause. Research has also shown the importance of pelvic vein reflux (PVR) in the development of varicose veins. Varicose veins in the legs could be due to ovarian vein reflux. Both ovarian and internal iliac vein reflux cause leg varicose veins. This condition affects 14% of women with varicose veins or 20% of women who have had a vaginal delivery and have leg varicose veins. In addition, evidence suggests that failing to look for and treat pelvic vein reflux can be a cause of recurrent varicose veins. It could also be caused by hyperhomocysteinemia in the body, which can degrade and inhibit the formation of the three main structural components of the artery: collagen, elastin, and proteoglycans. Homocysteine permanently degrades cysteine disulfide bridges and lysine amino acid residues in proteins, gradually affecting function and structure. Simply put, homocysteine is a ‘corrosive’ of long-living proteins, etc. collagen or elastin, or lifelong proteins. These long-term effects are difficult to establish in clinical trials focusing on groups with existing artery decline. Parkes-Weber syndrome is relevant for differential diagnosis

Arteries carry blood from the heart to other parts of the body, and arteries return blood from the rest of the body to the heart. To return blood to the heart, the veins of the legs must fight against gravity. This blood flow is controlled by valves. These valves in the arteries open as blood flow to the heart and then close to prevent blood from flowing back, this happens when the muscle acts as a pump and the elastic walls of the arteries help blood return to the heart. heart. If the valve becomes weak or damaged, as with varicose veins, blood can back up and pool in the vein, causing it to stretch or twist.

Physiotherapy treatment for varicose veins :

*Compression: 

 Wearing compression stockings is important to prevent and treat varicose veins. They squeeze your legs regularly to help improve your posture. They can also help reduce pain, discomfort, or swelling in the feet.

walking:

 Just take a walk. This is a great way to stimulate blood circulation in your feet.

*Legs Lift:

 To perform a leg lift, the patient sits or lies on their back with their legs extended. Then the patient lifts one leg at a time, holding it in the air. Lower it slowly and repeat the same exercise with the other leg.

*knee bends:

 Lie on your back again on the floor. Slowly draw one knee into your chest, holding your leg behind your knee (holding above the knee puts undue pressure on this delicate joint). Now,  point and flex your foot several times. Do this slowly and forcefully – don’t let your leg flop loose, but tighten the calf muscles and the tendons around your ankle. repeat with the opposite leg

*Swimming:

 Swimming pushes blocked blood in the legs and helps with varicose veins. The posture of a person while swimming is horizontal, which increases blood flow in the legs. It is a simple form of physiotherapy that can be done sitting or standing.